CBT
From Mmswiki
Defining
- An umbrella term for the use of computers in both instruction and management of the teaching and learning process. CAI (computer-assisted instruction) and CMI (computer-managed instruction) are included under the heading of CBT. Some people use the terms CBT and CAI interchangeably."
http://people.dsv.su.se/~klas/Learn/CBT/cbt.html
- Any training program in which the computer takes the role of teacher, including computer-delivered teaching on the Internet or CD-ROMs. http://www.canlearn.ca/eng/main/help/glossary/computer_based_training.shtml
- Computer-Based Training (CBT) is a type of training using a computer with a pre-build material. Typically, CBT program are build and delivered using a CD-ROM. It can also be delivered through network such as LAN or Internet. The CBT courses are typically presented in the following format: A single-user receives their own course CD from which they can run the training, or install the course files to their local machine. CBT is also called computer-assisted instruction (CAI) or "CBI" (Computer-Based Instruction). Sometimes, CAI and CBI may also be used to describe a computer program used to assist a teacher or trainer in classroom instruction.
http://www.networkdictionary.com/software/cbt.php
- Computer-based training (CBT) services are where a student learns by executing special training programs on a computer relating to their occupation.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Computer-based_training#Computer-based_training
- (CBT) Training (of humans) done by interaction with a computer. The programs and data used in CBT are known as "courseware."
http://foldoc.org/index.cgi?query=CBT&action=Search
- Acronym for computer-based training, a type of education in which the student learns by executing special training programs on a computer.
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CBT.html
- In a most narrow sense, CBT is an interactive instructional approach in which the computer, taking the place of an instructor, provides a series of stimuli to the student ranging from questions to be answered to choices or decisions to be made. The CBT then provides feedback based on the student's response.
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT
- CBT is a kind of educational technology inspired by various behaviorist theories.
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT
- Computer-based training is any training that uses a computer as the focal point for instructional delivery. With CBT, training is provided through the use of a computer and software, which guides a learner through an instructional program.
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Overview/Definit.htm
- Use of computers in imparting training, monitoring trainee progress, providing feedback, and assessing final results. Also called computer aided instruction (CAI).
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/computer-based-training-CBT.html
- The definition of CBT is close to the definition of individualized training - an interactive learning experience between a learner and a computer in which the computer provides the majority of the stimulus, the learner must respond, and the computer analyzes the response and provides feedback to the learner. Its multimedia function has added the capability of displaying information in audio, graphic, and motion video form, which makes the teaching of skills and processes more effective than if only text were used. Individualized instruction delivered over the World Wide Web is a further development of computer-based training. Web-based instruction can be used with any type of computer that can access the internet and that has web browser software.
http://www.skagitwatershed.org/~donclark/hrd/history/cbt.html
Other related terms
- More or less synonymous terms: Computer-Aided Instruction (CAI), Computer-Assisted Instruction (CAI), Computer-Based Instruction (CBI).
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT
- CAI Computer-Assisted Instruction, and CBI - Computer-Based Instruction. Delivering instruction through the medium of a computer. These are alternative terms for computer-based training.
- CAL Computer-Assisted Learning. Using a computer as an adjunct tool to aid in a traditional learning situation, like classroom training. The computer is a device to assist the instructor during the training process, like a blackboard or handouts.
- CAT Computer-Assisted Testing. Assessing an individual through the medium of a computer. Individuals take the test at the computer, and the computer records and scores the test. CAT is imbedded in most computer-based training.
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Overview/Definit.htm
Types of CBT with respect to the used training techniques
Most CBT uses one or a combination of the following techniques:
- Tutorial
The most common of all techniques is the tutorial. It is used to introduce new information that must be taught in a sequential manner. It is useful for teaching factual information, simple discrimination, rules, and simple application of rules.
- Drill and Practice
Another commonly used technique is known as drill and practice. It provides opportunities for practice when mastery of a new skill or information is desired. It should be used after initial instruction.
- Training Games
Training games supplement other instruction and are used to provide motivating and engaging opportunities for practice after a skill or new information is taught. Training games capitalize on the competitive interests of learners and add entertainment value to instruction.
- Simulation
The technique of simulation is most often used when practicing a skill in its real context is too costly or dangerous. It provides an opportunity for experimentation, and allows students to test assumptions in a realistic context. Simulations are also used to model real-world situations that are not physically dangerous or costly, in order to build realism and relevance into the training situation.
- Problem Solving
One of the most challenging techniques used in CBT is problem solving. It helps students develop skills in logic, solving problems, and following directions, and is generally used to augment higher order thinking skills.
- Demonstration/Presentation
Demonstration or presentation is best used to support the introduction of new information. It can also be used as a review tool.
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Overview/Techniq.htm
Didactic values of CBT
- CBT's integration of text, graphics, video, and sound facilitates the learning process. On average, people remember:
20% of what they see,
40% of what they see and hear, and
70% of what they hear, see and do,
so CBT's rich, multi-sensory delivery system can facilitate greater retention of new knowledge.
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Overview/Feature.htm
Categories of CBT users with respect to learning situation
- individual learners
- groups of learners >>> Groupware; >>> CSCL Computer Supported Cooperative Learning
- learners without personal guidence
- learners supported by a personal guide
Preference of learning forms suitable for CBT
Computer applications / as non-formal education
- CBT is especially effective for training people to use computer applications because the CBT program can be integrated with the applications so that students can practice using the application as they learn. Many PC applications now come with some modest form of CBT, often called a tutorial.
http://www.networkdictionary.com/software/cbt.php
Professional education / as non-formal education
CBT in formal education at school
History of CBT:
Although PLATO, the first dedicated computer based training system, was built in 1959, CBT did not really come around until the late 80s or early 1990s. The early CBT programs were little more than programmed instruction teaching machines. It was not until the 1990s that their multimedia capabilities were put to full use. It is based on individualized instruction that allows a learner to work through the material at her own pace. It is a natural progression from printed individualized instruction and teaching machines to the computer with its speed, branching capability and visual display.
http://www.skagitwatershed.org/~donclark/hrd/history/cbt.html
As early as 1912, Thorndike wrote "If, by a miracle of mechanical ingenuity, a book could be so arranged that only to him who had done what was directed on page one would page two become visible, and so on, much that now requires personal instruction could be managed by print."(P. 165).
Constructivist ideas led to reduce granularity and include open problem solving situations; Cognitive sciences influence led to provide metacognitive tools instead of giving an immediate feedback.
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT
Authoring Tools / Authoring Systems
AT is a software package which developers use to create and package content deliverable to end users
AS is a program that allows a non-programmer to easily create software with programming features
The programming features are built in but hidden behind buttons and other tools, so the author does not need to know how to program. Generally Authoring Systems provide lots of graphics, interaction, and other tools educational software needs.
ITS - Intelligent Tutorial Systems – created with expert-systems
Positive aspects of CBT (Advantages of learning with Computer-based material)
1.Self-paced training: You learn the latest Progress technology at your convenience, anytime, anywhere.
2.Travel-free: No longer do you have to schedule time out of the office, or factor travel costs into your budget.
3.Hands-on, interactive courses: Progress CBT courses work "live" with your Progress applications to allow you to apply what you learn, as you learn.
4.User-friendly format: CBT courses enhance the learning experience with software simulations, animations, and audio instruction. They also evaluate student learning and provide feedback throughout the course.
5.Readily available: CBT courses also serve as handy reference tools, since they are always on hand for a quick, lively, interactive refresher.
6.Focused: Concentrate on the topics you need to learn; review other topics to reinforce your skills and knowledge.
7.No bandwidth limitations: Unlike WBT where network bandwidth is often limitation factor to deliver the program in real time, CBT is delivered using local PC without network involvement.
http://www.networkdictionary.com/software/cbt.php
- CBT offers several advantages over other forms of training, including:
Cost-effective delivery,
A self-paced, flexible, and individualized training curriculum, Management control over training activities, and
A catalyst for gaining acceptance for integrating new technology within a company.
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Intro/Purpose.htm
COMPUTER-BASED TRAINING BENEFITS
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/Overview/Benefit.htm
Shortcomings of CBT
- Bound on the requirements of speciffic software products (operating systems) - no possibility of updating
- Relatively expensive to purchase.
- No possibility on buying to check the usefulness of a given specimen for a purchasing person (to look inside as in case of a book).
- Necessity of installing the software everytime when applying on a new computer - and problems so involved (time cost, damage on the CD-surface).
- Limited contents - no extention or new combinations possible.
- Dangers of didactic drawbacks.
Bibliography
Coburn, Peter, Practical Guide to Computers in Education, Addison-Wesley,1985
Hinze, Udo, Computergestütztes kooperatives Lernen, Waxman, Münster, 2004
Kearsley, Greg, Computer Based Training, Addison-Wesley, 1951
Seidel, Christoph, CBT, Verlagsgruppe Hogrefe, Göttingen, 1993
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/CBT
http://edutechwiki.unige.ch/en/Pedagogic_strategy
http://foldoc.org/index.cgi?query=CBT&action=Search
http://i31www.ira.uka.de/docs/mm+ep/12_CBT/node1.html
http://people.dsv.su.se/~klas/Learn/CBT/cbt.html
http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/computer-based-training-CBT.html
http://www.canlearn.ca/eng/main/help/glossary/computer_based_training.shtml
http://www.easyteach.com/tools.html
http://www.e-teaching.org/technik/aufbereitung/
http://www.networkdictionary.com/software/cbt.php
http://www.personal.psu.edu/bxb11/CBTGuide/CBTGuide.htm
http://www.skagitwatershed.org/~donclark/hrd/history/cbt.html
http://www.webopedia.com/TERM/C/CBT.html
